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Resource Center
Cardiovascular Disease
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What is Cardiovascular Disease?
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of heart and vascular diseases. Cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels. These diseases can affect one or more parts of the heart and/or blood vessels.
This includes: coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease - damage to the heart muscle and heart valves caused by streptococcal rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease - birth defects that affect normal heart development and function caused by structural abnormalities at birth, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism&thrombosis in the leg veins, which can migrate and transfer to the heart and lungs.
The World Health Organization has investigated that cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. In 2019, 17 million premature deaths (under 70 years old) caused by non communicable diseases, of which 38% are caused by cardiovascular diseases. An estimated 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 32% of global deaths. 85% of them died from heart disease and stroke.
What are the risk factors for cardiovascular disease?
Dietary risk factors are associated with 53% of CVD deaths. Coronary artery disease is associated with arterial atherosclerosis, mainly due to smoking, lack of exercise, obesity, high cholesterol, poor diet, excessive drinking and insufficient sleep.
Air pollution is an important factor in environmental risk factors.
The influence of behavioral risk factors may manifest in individuals as elevated blood pressure, elevated blood sugar, elevated blood lipids, overweight, and obesity.
More than 90% of cardiovascular diseases can be prevented:
Quitting smoking, reducing salt in the diet, eating more fruits and vegetables, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding harmful alcohol consumption have been proven to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Maintain a healthy diet, increase exercise every week, quit drinking and smoking, and eat more green vegetables to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.
Creating favorable environments that enable people to afford and access healthy choices, as well as improving air quality and reducing pollution through hygiene policies, are crucial for motivating people to adopt and maintain healthy behaviors. In addition, drug treatment of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia is necessary to reduce cardiovascular risk and prevent heart attack and stroke in patients with these diseases.
Reference
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21493-cardiovascular-disease
"Heart disease". Mayo Clinic. 2022-08-25.
Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, et al. (January 2013). "Heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 127 (1): e6–e245. doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31828124ad. PMC 5408511. PMID 23239837.
Shanthi M, Pekka P, Norrving B (2011). Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control (PDF). World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization. pp. 3–18. ISBN 978-92-4-156437-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-08-17.
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21493-cardiovascular-disease
"Heart disease". Mayo Clinic. 2022-08-25.
Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, et al. (January 2013). "Heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association". Circulation. 127 (1): e6–e245. doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e31828124ad. PMC 5408511. PMID 23239837.
Shanthi M, Pekka P, Norrving B (2011). Global Atlas on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Control (PDF). World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization. pp. 3–18. ISBN 978-92-4-156437-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-08-17.